JSON Schema 校验

Ajv (Another JSON Schema Validator) 是 JavaScript 生态中最流行、性能最好的 JSON Schema 校验库，支持 Draft 04/06/07/2019-09/2020-12 全部版本。

// 安装: npm install ajv
const Ajv = require('ajv');
const ajv = new Ajv({ allErrors: true });

// 定义 Schema
const schema = {
  type: 'object',
  required: ['name', 'email'],
  properties: {
    name: { type: 'string', minLength: 1 },
    email: { type: 'string', format: 'email' },
    age: { type: 'integer', minimum: 0 }
  },
  additionalProperties: false
};

// 编译校验函数
const validate = ajv.compile(schema);

// 校验数据
const data = { name: '张三', email: 'zhangsan@example.com', age: 25 };
const valid = validate(data);

if (!valid) {
  console.log('校验失败:', validate.errors);
} else {
  console.log('校验通过!');
}

jsonschema 是 Python 生态中最常用的 JSON Schema 校验库，可通过 pip 安装使用。

# 安装: pip install jsonschema
import jsonschema
from jsonschema import validate

# 定义 Schema
schema = {
    "type": "object",
    "required": ["name", "email"],
    "properties": {
        "name": {"type": "string", "minLength": 1},
        "email": {"type": "string", "format": "email"},
        "age": {"type": "integer", "minimum": 0}
    },
    "additionalProperties": False
}

# 待校验数据
data = {"name": "张三", "email": "zhangsan@example.com", "age": 25}

try:
    validate(instance=data, schema=schema)
    print("校验通过!")
except jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError as e:
    print(f"校验失败: {e.message}")
    print(f"错误路径: {list(e.absolute_path)}")